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Difference Between a Transformer and an Induction Motor

Definition:

A transformer is a static electromagnetic energy conversion device, that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit without change in frequency.

An induction motor is a electromechanical energy conversion device, that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Difference Between a Transformer and an Induction Motor

In general, an induction motor is a rotating transformer with primary winding connected to supply mains and the secondary winding terminals are shorted.
However, the difference between a transformer and an induction motor are mentioned below:
  1. Transformer is a static machine whereas an induction motor is a rotating machine.
  2. Transformer is an electromagnetic energy conversion machine wheras an induction motor is an electromechanical energy conversion machine.
  3. Transformer is a constant frequency device wheras in an induction motor the stator is at supply frequency(f) but rotor is at frequency "s*f", where "s" is called slip.
  4. Transformer can operate at any power factor (i.e lagging, leading or unity) depending upon the load but an induction motor always operates at lagging power factor because it draws magnetizing current from the supply mains to setup the flux.
  5. In case of transformer, the magnetizing current demanded is low (i.e around 4 to 5% of full load current) but in an induction motor, due to the large airgap between stator and rotor, the magnetizing current demanded is very high (i.e around 25 to 35% of full load current).
  6. Since, transformer is a static device (i.e there are no rotating parts), its efficiency is more whereas in an induction motor due to rotating part, the mechanical losses are present, causes the efficiency to reduce.
  7. The emf induced in the transformer is statically induced emf wheras the emf induced in an induction motor is (statically induced emf + dynamically induced emf.).
This are some points on difference between a transformer and an induction motor.

Want to know more:

1) Basics of transformer and dot convention: 

2) Difference between synchronous generator and induction generator:


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