Electrical engineering

Definition: A power system can be defined as a system that deals with the principles of generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization of electrical energy. The single line diagram of a power system network is as shown below Generally, most of the time the power system network operates in normal conditions i.e the electrical quantities like voltage, current, and frequency are within the specified limits. But sometimes the network may experience some abnormal conditions in the electrical quantities due to the occurrence of faults. Now, we cannot stop the occurrence of these faults since the overhead lines are exposed to atmospheric conditions.  Classifications of faults The electrical faults are generally classified as: Open circuit faults Short circuit faults However, they are further classified as: Open circuit faults occur in series with lines so they are generally called series faults. these faults occur due to the melting of conductors, snatching of conductors du...

Many of us know that, in electrical power generation the frequency must be kept constant for satisfactory operation of power system. But, the question is, why the frequency is to made constant?  Before this, let us first understand the basic operation of the alternator. Operation of alternator: An alternator (synchronous generator) is a machine which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy at a particular voltage but at a constant frequency. The rotor part consist of field winding and stator part consist of armature winding. The field winding is excited with D.C supply. The turbine is mechanically coupled with the rotor to give the mechanical power input to the alternator. Now, when rotor rotates the flux due to field winding cuts armature conductors and according to the faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, an emf is induced in the armature conductors. The frequency of induced emf is given by: So, to generate constant frequency, the machine must always be driven at...